Terminology
Law of Demand
In a nutshell, quantity demanded varies inversely with price.
Law of Supply
In a nutshell, quantity supplied (offered for sale) varies directly with price.
Equilibrium Price
In a nutshell, equilibrium price is where quantity demand equals quantity supplied which is the intersection of the demand and supply curve and indicates no allocated inefficiency.
Shortage
A shortage is a situation where quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied at a given price.
Surplus
A surplus is a situation is which quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded at a given price.
Price Ceilings
This is the maximum legal price for goods and services that can be charged in a market.
Price Floors
This is the lowest legal price for goods and services that can be charged in a market.
Opportunity Costs
What you give up or forgo by purchasing this service or product.
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